【Abstract】 Vitiligo is a common autoimmune skin disease, currently believed to be caused by autoreactive T cell-mediated destruction of melanocytes in the skin, mucous membranes, or hair follicles, which can significantly induce psychological distress in patients. The consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of vitiligo （2024 version） was formulated by the Pigmentary Disorder Group, Combination of Traditional and Western Medicine Dermatology, etc., based on the latest international research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of vitiligo and actual situation in China. This version of consensus highlights early intervention, integrative therapy, application of JAK inhibitors in vitiligo, and provides future research directions, aiming to guide the treatment of vitiligo.

【Abstract】 Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation is a hyperpigmentation disorder following skin inflammation or damage caused by various endogenous and exogenous factors, which may result in emotional distress and social difficulties in patients. The Group on Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology of Chinese Academy of Aesthetic Medicine organized experts in this field to develop this consensus in terms of the epidemiological characteristics, etiology and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, prevention, and treatment of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, aiming to provide guidance for its prevention and treatment.

【Abstract】 The treatment of psoriasis has entered an era of targeted therapy, and the application of biologics and small-molecule drugs has markedly improved the quality of life of patients, especially in the treatment of moderate to severe, refractory, and special types of psoriasis. In China, biologics that have been approved for marketing and used in the treatment of psoriasis include 9 agents belonging to 5 major categories, namely tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors, interleukin-12/23 inhibitors, interleukin-23 inhibitors, interleukin-17A inhibitors, and interleukin-36 inhibitors; small-molecule drugs include 4 drugs belonging to 2 categories that inhibit different steps in the inflammatory cytokine pathways, namely phosphodiesterase 4 and Janus kinases （including tyrosine kinase 2）. How to use biologics and small-molecule drugs in a rational, effective and safe way has become an issue of great concern in clinical practice. To this end, experts in the field of diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis and related fields in China developed this guideline based on Chinese and international research data, clinical experience, as well as characteristics of Chinese patients with psoriasis after in-depth discussions. This guideline provides specific guidance for clinicians in terms of application principles and methods of major biologics and small-molecule drugs, efficacy and safety profiles, patient screening and monitoring, common problems and solutions, as well as considerations for their application in special populations.

【Abstract】 Refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria （CSU） is clinically common and poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to resistance to standard or doubled doses of H1 antihistamines or their combination therapies. Current guidelines or consensus statements on urticaria have not met the needs for high-quality standardized management of refractory CSU, highlighting the necessity for specific guidelines for its diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, a guideline working group was established by the Chinese Society of Dermatology and the China Dermatologist Association, and consisted of 29 leading experts in urticaria research in China. Through a comprehensive review and evaluation of existing Chinese and international evidence-based data, and consideration of the situation in China, this guideline was formulated after multiple rounds of deliberation, aiming to provide guidance on the diagnosis and treatment of refractory CSU and to guide clinical practice.

【Abstract】 Pemphigus is a group of rare and severe autoimmune bullous diseases characterized by blisters, bullae, and erosions on the skin and/or mucous membranes. With the deep understanding of pemphigus and continuous update of treatment methods, it is necessary to formulate guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pemphigus in China. Hence, a guideline working group was established by relevant academic organizations. Based on available evidence in China and other countries, as well as China's national conditions, 12 clinical issues that need to be urgently solved were proposed and 30 recommendations were formulated on the diagnosis and treatment of pemphigus after multiple rounds of demonstration and selection, aiming to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of pemphigus and to guide clinical practice.

【Abstract】 In recent years, research on pruritus in the elderly has progressed rapidly, deepening the understanding of this condition. In order to standardize the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of pruritus in the elderly, experts from the Chinese Association Rehabilitation of Dermatology, and the Working Group on Geriatric Dermatology, Combination of Traditional and Western Medicine Dermatology organized relevant experts and formulated an expert consensus on the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of pruritus in the elderly （2025 edition） based on the latest Chinese and international research advancements, with a particular focus on evidence-based medicine. This consensus aims to provide recommendations to address clinical problems, alleviate or eliminate patients′ symptoms and improve their quality of life.

【Abstract】 With the progress in dermatology in recent decades, some new biologic agents and small-molecule targeted drugs have been approved for the treatment of skin diseases, and have showed favorable therapeutic effect, especially in the treatment of complex and refractory dermatoses. However, how to apply targeted therapy reasonably, effectively and safely in the treatment of skin diseases has become a matter of great concern in clinical practice. To this end, the Committee on Skin Disease and Cosmetic Dermatology, China Association of Medical Equipment organized relevant experts to formulate this consensus through multiple in-depth discussions and revisions based on Chinese and international research data, clinical guidelines and consensus, as well as characteristics of Chinese patients. According to the classification of diseases, specific guidance was provided in this consensus for clinicians regarding the clinical application principles and treatment protocols of biologic agents and small-molecule targeted drugs.

【Abstract】 Atopic dermatitis （AD） is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. In recent years, with the development and application of targeted drugs, the treatment of AD is entering the era of individualization. Stratification of patients based on different dimensions can help realize individualized treatment, but currently there is a lack of stratification strategies for individualized treatment of AD. Therefore, the consensus on stratified individualized systemic treatment for moderate to severe AD was formulated by experts from the Immunology Group, Chinese Society of Dermatology and the Dermatology Professional Committee of Chinese Research Hospital Society, based on the latest research progress in AD in China and other countries as well as experts′ clinical practice experience. The consensus encompasses the individualized comprehensive assessment, systemic therapeutic drugs, selection of therapeutic options according to different dimensions, and the mode of systemic treatment of AD, aiming to guide clinical individualized medication.

【Abstract】 Ultraviolet phototherapy stands as a pivotal intervention in the management of vitiligo. To guide and standardize the application of ultraviolet phototherapy in the treatment of vitiligo, and to improve its efficacy and safety, the Dermatology Professional Committee of Chinese Research Hospital Society and the China Dermatologist Association organized Chinese experts in the fields of photomedicine and pigmentary disorders to formulate the “Guideline on phototherapy for vitiligo （2025 edition）” after thorough discussions based on the latest research progress in vitiligo phototherapy in China and other countries in recent years and the clinical experience of experts. This guideline comprehensively delineates core clinical considerations pertaining to phototherapy for vitiligo, including the therapeutic principles, contraindications, individualized phototherapy protocols, strategies for combination therapies, and management of adverse reactions, aiming to further improve the performance of phototherapy in the treatment of vitiligo in China.

【Abstract】 Currently, topical glucocorticoids are still the first-line treatment of chronic hand eczema, while systematic treatment is required for moderate to severe chronic hand eczema with no response to topical corticosteroids. Traditional treatments include glucocorticoids, antihistamines, retinoids, immunosuppressants, etc. In recent years, some progress has been made in the treatment of chronic hand eczema with Janus kinase inhibitors, phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, biological agents, statins, timolol, daylight photodynamic therapy, etc. This review summarizes recent advances in the treatment of chronic hand eczema, including basic therapy, topical treatment, physical therapy and systemic therapy.

【Abstract】 Psoriasis is an immune-mediated, chronic, inflammatory and systemic disease that can occur at any age and has a profound impact on patients′ quality of life. Interleukin-17A is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Secukinumab is a fully human anti-interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody. It is approved in China for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis in patients aged 6 years or older, active psoriatic arthritis in adults and ankylosing spondylitis in adults. Since its launch, a large amount of real‐world data on the efficacy and safety has been accumulated in China. To standardize the use of secukinumab in the long‐term management of psoriasis, a systematic review of the literature on the long-term efficacy and safety of secukinumab as well as its treatment strategies and use in special populations was conducted, and an expert consensus was proposed.

【Abstract】 Red, blue, and yellow light therapy is a type of low-level light therapy commonly used in clinical practice. In recent years, with the development of photomedicine technology, safer and more effective red, blue, and yellow light therapy has been promoted and applied in the treatment of acne, androgenetic alopecia, skin wounds, herpes zoster, and other skin diseases. However, there is no unified standardized treatment protocol. In order to improve the efficacy and safety of the red, blue, and yellow light therapy, the Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Dermatology, the Chinese Society of Dermatology, and the Photomedicine Therapeutic Equipment Group, Committee on Skin Disease and Cosmetic Dermatology, China Association of Medical Equipment organized some experts to formulate the consensus based on Chinese and international literature and clinical guidelines, as well as the current clinical practice in China, aiming to propose specific recommendations for the standardized application of red, blue, and yellow light therapy in dermatology, and provide a reference for clinicians.

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the epidemiological trends and spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of syphilis in China from 2010 to 2023. Methods Data on syphilis cases reported from 31 provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities from 2010 to 2023 were collected from the Infectious Diseases Surveillance System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Joinpoint 5.2.0 software was used to analyze the epidemiological trends of syphilis, ArcGIS 10.5 software was used for spatial autocorrelation analysis at the county level, and SaTScan 10.2.3 software was used for space-time scan analysis. Results The national reported incidence rates of syphilis increased from 26.86 per 100 000 in 2010 to 37.60 per 100 000 in 2023, with an average annual percent change of 1.82% （95% CI: 0.81% - 2.89%）, and the upward trend in the reported incidence rates was statistically significant （P = 0.002）. There was a positive spatial autocorrelation in the reported incidence rates of syphilis at the county level in China （Moran's Ⅰ range: 0.47 - 0.60, all P < 0.001）, and all of the Getis-Ord general test statistic Z（G）values were > 1.96, indicating a high-value clustering pattern in the reported incidence rates of syphilis. The local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the annual number of hotspot areas ranged from 180 to 294, which were mainly located in Xinjiang, Qinghai, Guizhou, Sichuan and Yunnan. A total of 92 spatio-temporal clusters were identified by space-time scan analysis, which were mainly distributed in Zhejiang, Guangxi, Guangdong and Fujian from 2010 to 2012, in Xinjiang from 2013 to 2017, and in Sichuan, Guizhou, Chongqing, etc., from 2019 to 2023. Conclusions From 2010 to 2023, the reported incidence rates of syphilis in China exhibited a fluctuating increase on the whole, with obvious spatio-temporal clustering characteristics. The hotspot areas were basically consistent with the spatio-temporal clusters, and were mainly distributed in the northwestern, southeastern coastal and southwestern areas. Over time, the spatio-temporal clusters gradually changed from the southeast coastal and northwestern areas to the southwestern areas.

【Abstract】 Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic, recurrent, and inflammatory skin disease. Its etiology is intricately related to skin microecological imbalance, dysregulated lipid metabolism, impaired skin barrier function, abnormal immune responses, and genetic predispositions. In recent years, several novel therapeutic approaches have emerged, such as topical phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, Janus kinase inhibitors, physical interventions, and chemical peeling, providing more options for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. This review summarizes the latest research progress in the pathogenesis and treatment of seborrheic dermatitis.

【Abstract】 Bullous pemphigoid （BP） is an autoimmune subepidermal blistering skin disease that primarily affects the elderly. Clinically, it is characterized by tense blisters and bullae on the local or whole body skin, which can be life-threatening in some patients. The pathogenesis of BP is closely related to anti-BP180 and anti-BP230 antibodies, which cause BP through pathways such as complement activation systems and non-complement systems. This consensus covers clinical characteristics, diagnostic criteria, treatment options, and management of comorbidities associated with BP, with a particular emphasis on the importance of individualized treatment. In terms of diagnosis, a comprehensive approach integrating clinical manifestations, histopathological features, direct immunofluorescence and serological testing results is proposed to improve diagnostic accuracy. In terms of treatment, in addition to traditional glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents, new drugs such as biological agents are also recommended, and individualized treatment regimens are formulated according to the disease severity. Additionally, the consensus also pays attention to the management of BP-related comorbidities such as diabetes, kidney disease, and malignant tumors, providing comprehensive guidance for clinicians to improve the treatment outcomes and quality of life of BP patients.

【Abstract】 To enhance clinicians′ understanding of pigmented nevi and standardize their diagnosis and treatment, a group of experts from the Skin Cancer Research Group, Committee on Dermatology, Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine, the Melanoma Society of China Anti-Cancer Association and the Society of Integrated Rehabilitation of Skin Tumors, China Anti-Cancer Association, adhering to the principles of evidence-based medicine, integrated the latest Chinese and international guidelines, consensuses, and existing research findings to formulate the expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of pigmented nevi （2025 edition） through two rounds of intensive revisions and discussions. This consensus covers various types of pigmented nevi, including common acquired pigmented nevi, congenital pigmented nevi, recurrent pigmented nevi, and pigmented nevi in special populations （children, pregnant women）, and offers detailed recommendations on the key points for the diagnosis and treatment of these types of pigmented nevi, aiming to provide a reference for the standardized diagnosis, treatment, and management of pigmented nevi.

【Abstract】 Atopic dermatitis （AD） is a common chronic inflammatory disease that often coexists with atopic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergies. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that AD is associated with various diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, and mental disorders, which exacerbate the disease burden on patients with AD and severely affect their quality of life. This review summarizes AD-associated comorbidities reported in previous literature, analyzes their possible common pathogenesis, and explores potential treatments.

【Abstract】 Atopic dermatitis （AD） is the most common chronic inflammatory disease in dermatology, often beginning in infancy. It can recur and persist into childhood and adolescence, severely affecting sleep, growth and development of children, impairing the quality of life of both the children and their families, and imposing significant social and economic burden. In recent years, the prevalence of AD among children in China has been rising. However, the diagnosis and treatment vary widely across different regions and medical institutions. Meanwhile, there is a lack of evidence?based medicine specific to Chinese children with AD in real?world settings, and the concepts and measures for chronic disease management of AD have not been widely established. To promote the establishment of specialized AD clinics in pediatric dermatology in China, enhance clinical diagnosis and treatment, standardize treatment processes, reduce the disease burden, and improve the quality of life of children and their families, the Group on Children, Chinese Society of Dermatology, the Dermatology and Venereology Group, Chinese Pediatric Society, Chinese Medical Association, the Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Dermatology, and the Pediatric Dermatology Group, China Dermatologist Association organized domestic experts for extensive surveys and discussions. Combining international guidelines with the situation in China, this consensus was formed to provide a reference for the construction of specialized AD clinics in pediatric dermatology in China, and enhance the capability to provide comprehensive care for children with AD throughout the entire disease course.

【Abstract】 Currently, childhood atopic dermatitis （AD） is mainly treated by regular use of moisturisers in combination with topical glucocorticoids or calcineurin inhibitors. For some children with refractory moderate-to-severe AD, systemic glucocorticoids or off-label use of other immunomodulators may be required; however, these treatments usually have some limitations and adverse effects. In recent years, with the discovery of key inflammatory factors in AD, dupilumab, a biological agent targeting interleukin-4/13, has been widely used in clinical practice, and shown certain efficacy. This review summarizes recent clinical studies on dupilumab in the treatment of AD in children.

【Abstract】 Telogen effluvium is the most common type of hair loss after coronavirus disease 2019. This review summarizes the literature on associations between coronavirus disease 2019 and telogen effluvium, as well as pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of telogen effluvium secondary to coronavirus disease 2019. Sharply increased stress, the body′s immune response, medications, and exacerbation of underlying diseases may be the main precipitating factors for telogen effluvium secondary to coronavirus disease 2019.

【Abstract】 Port-wine stain （PWS） is the most common type of low-flow capillary malformations in children. PWS often occurs after birth with a predilection for the face and neck, seriously affecting the physical and mental health of patients and the quality of life of their families. Compared with adults, children are in a growth and development stage. PWS-related syndromes can affect extracutaneous organs, but may only present with mild erythema in the early stage, and is liable to result in misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. Therefore, early recognition is particularly important. Based on the latest Chinese and international research progress and through extensive discussions, the Consensus Development Expert Group on Diagnosis and Treatment of PWS in Chinese Children formulated the consensus on the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment of, as well as health education for PWS in children, aiming to provide guidance for clinicians on the diagnosis and treatment of PWS.

【Abstract】 Non-melanoma skin cancers （NMSCs） are a common type of malignant tumors including actinic keratosis （precancerous lesions）, Bowen's disease, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and extramammary Paget's disease. They pose significant health risks and their incidence rates have been increasing year by year. As one of the important treatment methods for NMSCs, aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy （ALA-PDT） can be applied throughout the entire treatment process to achieve comprehensive effects involving prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation, and has been widely applied in clinical practice. To provide evidence-based, practical, and standardized guidance for the clinical application of ALA-PDT in treating NMSCs, the Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Dermatology, the Chinese Association of Photodynamic Therapy and Rehabilitation, and the Photodynamic Therapy Cooperation Center, Chinese Society of Dermatology convened a panel of experts from relevant fields, and developed this consensus based on a thorough review of Chinese and international literature, existing consensus and guidelines, expert clinical experience, and the current status of diagnosis and treatment of NMSCs in China.

【Abstract】 During the coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） pandemic, widespread attention has been paid to the management of psoriasis, and more and more researchers have explored the relationships between psoriasis and COVID-19 from different perspectives. This review summarizes the impact of the use of biological agents on COVID-19 in patients with psoriasis, and the interaction between psoriasis and COVID-19, aiming to provide more reliable guidance on diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis for dermatologists and patients, and to provide a reference for future research.

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in the treatment of prurigo nodularis （PN） in the real world. Methods PN patients who were subcutaneously injected with dupilumab for over 12 weeks were collected from the China Type Ⅱ Inflammatory Skin Disease Clinical Research and Standardized Diagnosis and Treatment Project Database from June 2021 to October 2022. Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed, which included demographic data, and changes in pruritus numeric rating scale （NRS）, investigator global assessment for PN-Stage （IGA PN-S）, dermatology life quality index （DLQI） and hospital anxiety and depression scale （HADS） scores before and after treatment. Differences in scores before and after treatment, as well as in efficacy between patients with and without a history of atopic diseases, were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, paired t-test or chi-square test. Results A total of 66 PN patients were collected, including 42 males and 24 females, and they were aged 8 to 89 （44.12 ± 24.17） years. Thirty-six patients had a history of atopic diseases, and 27 had a family history of atopic diseases. After 12-week treatment with dupilumab, the pruritus NRS, IGA PN-S and DLQI scores in the 66 patients significantly decreased from the baseline scores （7.00 ［5.00, 8.00］, 3.00 ［3.00，4.00］, 12.00 ［7.75, 20.25］, respectively） to 3.00 ［2.00, 4.25］, 2.00 ［2.00, 3.00］, 5.00 ［1.75, 8.25］, respectively （all P < 0.001）. Among the 66 patients, 39 continued the regular treatment with dupilumab after 12 weeks and were followed up to 16 weeks; their pruritus NRS and IGA PN-S scores at week 16 further decreased compared with those at week 12 （both P < 0.05）. There were no significant differences in the proportion of patients showing an improvement of ≥ 4 points in the NRS score or the proportion of patients achieving IGA 0/1 at week 12 between the patients with history of atopic diseases and those without （both P > 0.05）. Before treatment, 32 PN patients were accompanied by mild to severe anxiety and/or depression; after 12-week treatment, the HADS-A scores in the 28 patients with anxiety （HADS-A scores > 7 points） and the HADS-D scores in the 20 patients with depression （HADS-D scores > 7 points） significantly decreased compared with their baseline scores （both P < 0.001）; 18 （56.52%） patients achieved remission in anxiety and depression （both HADS-A and HADS-D scores < 7 points）. Among the 66 PN patients, there were 13 minor patients, including 7 males and 6 females, and they were aged 8 to 17 （13.77 ± 3.09） years; after 12-week treatment, their pruritus NRS, IGA PN-S, and DLQI scores significantly decreased compared with the corresponding baseline scores （all P < 0.05）; 8 minor patients continued dupilumab treatment for 16 weeks, with a further decrease in the IGA PN-S score compared with that at week 12 （P < 0.05）, but without significant differences between the pruritus NRS and DLQI scores at week 16 and those at week 12 （both P > 0.05）. Adverse reactions were observed in 7 adult patients, including eye pruritus, local injection reactions, and systemic erythema accompanied by pruritus on the day of injection. No adverse reactions were reported in minor patients. Conclusion In the real world, dupilumab could markedly alleviate pruritus, skin lesions, anxiety and depression symptoms in PN, improve the quality of life, and exhibited a good safety profile.

【Abstract】 Non-infectious inflammatory disorders of the nail apparatus are common in clinical practice, which often cause abnormal color, shape and structure of the nail plate, including nail psoriasis, nail alopecia, nail lichen planus, nail eczema, etc. However, they are often difficult to diagnose due to the diversity of nail signs in the same disease and similarity of nail signs among different disorders. This review summarizes relationships between nail plate manifestations and systemic dermatoses, related differential diagnosis, and progress in diagnosis and treatment of non-infectious inflammatory nail diseases.

【Abstract】 Leprosy is a chronic infectious skin disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Traditionally, its diagnosis mainly relies on clinical manifestations and laboratory examinations which include slit-skin smears and histopathological examinations of skin biopsies. As to some suspected leprosy cases, such as paucibacillary leprosy or pure neural leprosy cases, it is difficult to diagnose using traditional laboratory tests, thus molecular and immunological examinations are necessary for auxiliary diagnosis. This expert consensus was developed based on Chinese and international literature and guidelines on leprosy diagnosis, aiming to promote early and precise diagnosis and treatment of leprosy.

【Abstract】 Pemphigus is an autoimmune bullous disease, and paraneoplastic pemphigus （PNP） is a unique subtype of pemphigus. Clinical characteristics of PNP mainly include severe and refractory painful erosions and ulcers of the mucosa, polymorphous skin lesions, and comorbid neoplasms, often accompanied by other systemic involvement （such as bronchiolitis obliterans）. Most patients respond poorly to treatment, and in severe cases, it is life-threatening. The diagnosis and treatment of PNP involves dermatology, stomatology, oncology, hematology, respiratory medicine, surgery, anesthesiology, general internal medicine, intensive care unit and other departments. Relevant academic organizations enrolled experts in related fields together to formulate this consensus, to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of PNP. Chinese standards for PNP diagnosis are proposed based on the status of diagnosis and treatment of PNP in China. Treatment suggestions are put forward from the aspects of skin and mucosal involvement, neoplasms, bronchiolitis obliterans, and complications.

【Abstract】 Cholinergic urticaria （CholU） is a special type of chronic inducible urticaria characterized by transient, needle-sized wheals and erythema with stinging pain and/or itching, precipitated by increased core body temperature as a result of exercise or passive heating. Some cases were accompanied by angioedema, which seriously affects their quality of life. The pathogenesis of CholU involves sweat allergy and atopic diathesis, increased histamine release in sweat and the influence of Malassezia, decreased cholinergic receptors in hypohidrotic areas, decreased expression of cholinesterase, serum factors and autoantibodies, etc. Standard-dose and updosed second generation H1-antihistamines are the first-line therapy for CholU. For refractory CholU patients with normal sweating, biological agents, sweat desensitization and other therapies could be further chosen, while patients with severe hypohidrosis could be further treated with glucocorticoid pulse therapy and so on. This review summarizes the pathogenesis, classification, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of CholU from the perspective of the role of sweat in the pathogenesis of CholU.

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in the treatment of elderly patients （≥ 60 years old） with atopic dermatitis （AD）, with particular attention paid to rare adverse reactions. Methods A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted on data collected from 281 elderly AD patients who received the standard regimen of dupilumab at the Department of Dermatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2020 to May 2024. Clinical characteristics such as gender, disease duration, skin lesion manifestations, and itch severity were analyzed. Changes in skin lesions and itch severity, as well as related adverse events were recorded during the follow-up period of 0 - 16 weeks. The efficacy and safety of dupilumab in the treatment of elderly AD patients were evaluated. Results Among the 281 elderly AD patients, 214 were males （76.16%） and 67 were females （23.84%）, with the age being 71.13 ± 7.91 years and the age at onset being 59.92 ± 15.72 years. The disease duration （M［IQR］） was 5.00 （13.00） years. After standard-regimen dupilumab treatment, the improvement rates of clinical outcome indicators SCORing Atopic Dermatitis （SCORAD） and pruritus numerical rating scale （NRS）scores gradually increased. At week 16, the improvement rates of SCORAD and NRS scores （M［IQR］） reached the maxima of 72.37% （23.89%） and 75.00% （29.72%）, respectively. The overall incidence of adverse events was relatively low, with only 16 patients （6.05%） reporting adverse events. Common adverse reactions such as conjunctivitis （2 cases, 0.71%） and facial erythema （1 case, 0.36%） were mild and well-tolerated. Phenotype switching occurred in 10 cases （3.56%）. Conclusion Dupilumab was an effective and safe treatment for elderly AD, but phenotype switching may occur.

【Abstract】 Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 （TRPV4）, the fourth member of the thermosensitive TRPV family, is a nonselective cation channel that is widely expressed in various tissues and cells. TRPV4 is involved in the physiological activities of various organs in the body by responding to both exogenous and endogenous stimuli. Studies have shown that TRPV4 participates in skin physiological and pathophysiological processes, including skin barrier repair and conduction of itch sensation, and also plays important roles in skin disorders, such as rosacea, alopecia, psoriasis, scleroderma, and skin cancer. This review summarizes research progress in the role of TRPV4 channels in skin diseases.

【Abstract】 Optical coherence tomography（OCT）is an imaging technique that obtains information in the tissue sagittal plane based on the principles of low-coherence light interference. It has characteristics of high resolution, good repeatability, rapid imaging, and non-invasiveness, and has been widely used in ophthalmology. OCT is suitable for skin imaging, and its image characteristics are highly consistent with skin structure. This review summarizes the principles of OCT and its application prospects in dermatology.

【Abstract】 Since cemiplimab was approved by United States Food and Drug Administration in 2018, anti-programmed cell death receptor-1 antibodies have been considered as the first-line systemic therapy for advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. This review focuses on current clinical application of targeted therapy, immunotherapy, targeted immunotherapy and gene therapy in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

【Abstract】 Ferroptosis, a newly discovered form of iron-dependent regulation of cell death, has been found to be associated with the development of various cancers, including melanoma. This review summarizes recent progress in roles of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis, metastasis and treatment of melanoma, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new drugs and new treatment strategies for melanoma in clinical practice.