Chinese Journal of Dermatology ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (2): 186-189.doi: 10.35541/cjd.20220559

• Reviews • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Metastatic mechanisms of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Zhu Ping, Wang Daguang   

  1. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
  • Received:2022-08-09 Revised:2023-10-04 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-02-07
  • Contact: Wang Daguang E-mail:wangirwin@126.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(81000703, 81472896); Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK2009437); Six Talent Peaks of Jiangsu Province (2015-WSW-026)

Abstract: 【Abstract】 Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin tumor, and metastatic cSCC usually has a poor prognosis. Many factors influence the metastasis of cSCC, including primary lesion diameter, anatomical location, immunosuppression, clinical types, depth of tumor invasion, degree of differentiation, and vascular, perineural, and lymphatic invasion. Multiple intracellular signaling pathways drive tumor metastasis, such as Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor β, and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. This review discusses the factors influencing cSCC metastasis and the role of the above signaling pathways in the metastatic mechanisms of cSCC, providing new insights for the treatment of metastatic cSCC.

Key words: cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, metastasis, mechanism, risk factor, signal transduction, pathway