Abstract: 【Abstract】 Traditional approaches to the prevention and control of sexually transmitted diseases （STDs） have certain limitations in multisource data integration, utilization of unstructured data, and rapid risk identification. With the increasing accumulation of data from disease surveillance, behavioral surveys, clinical care, medical imaging, and internet-based sources, the applications of big data and artificial intelligence （AI） in STD prevention and control have gradually expanded. This review summarizes research progress in the application of big data and AI to STD epidemiological surveillance and trend prediction, risk assessment and individualized intervention strategies, AI-assisted diagnosis and treatment decision-making, and public health policy development and evaluation. It also discusses challenges related to data quality, model generalizability, data privacy protection and ethical issues, and real-world translation, and explores future directions in light of the needs of STD prevention and control in China.

Key words: Sexually transmitted diseases, Big data, Artificial intelligence, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Prevention and treatment