中华皮肤科杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (4): 349-352.doi: 10.35541/cjd.20250199

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

降压药物与中老年人湿疹患者相关性的病例对照研究

张翼铭1    杨卫琴2    蔡云鹏1    倪黔键1    陈健忠1    张青松1   

  1. 1南通大学附属启东医院  启东市人民医院皮肤科，启东  226200；2常熟市中医院皮肤科，常熟  215500
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-10 修回日期:2026-01-13 发布日期:2026-04-03
  • 通讯作者: 张青松 E-mail:49lzy@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    2023年度启东市东疆英才计划资助项目

Association between antihypertensive drugs and eczema in middle-aged and elderly patients: a case-control study

Zhang Yiming1, Yang Weiqin2, Cai Yunpeng1, Ni Qianjian1, Chen Jianzhong1, Zhang Qingsong1   

  1. 1Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Qidong Hospital of Nantong University, Qidong People′s Hospital, Qidong 226200, China; 2Department of Dermatology, Changshu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Changshu 215500, China
  • Received:2025-04-10 Revised:2026-01-13 Published:2026-04-03
  • Contact: Zhang Qingsong E-mail:49lzy@163.com
  • Supported by:
    2023 Qidong City Dongjiang Talent Program

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摘要： 【摘要】 目的 观察中老年人湿疹发生与服用降压药之间的相关性。方法 本研究是前瞻性病例对照研究。收集2023年3月1日至2024年8月31日在启东市人民医院和常熟市中医院皮肤科门诊就诊的并发高血压并服用降压药的中老年患者，分为两组：观察组为门诊诊断为湿疹的患者，对照组为非湿疹皮肤病患者。记录两组患者的一般情况，包括降压药使用种类、使用年限、降压药开始用药至起疹时间、换降压药后皮疹消退患者比例及皮疹明显改善时间等数据。两组间比较采用独立样本t检验；计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验；相关性研究采用Logistic回归分析。结果 观察组239例，男115例，女124例，年龄（67.5 ± 8.6）岁，使用降压药物（9.0 ± 3.3）年；对照组326例，男160例，女166例，年龄（68.8 ± 9.3）岁，使用降压药物（10.7 ± 4.8）年；两组间性别、年龄及降压药物使用年限差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。观察组使用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、血管紧张素Ⅱ抑制剂、β受体阻滞剂、钙通道阻滞剂（CCB）、利尿剂者分别为35（14.6%）例、50（20.9%）例、30（12.6%）例、101（42.3%）例、23（9.6%）例；对照组分别为58（17.8%）例、92（28.2%）例、55（16.9%）例、74（22.7%）例、47（14.4%）例。不同种类降压药和湿疹发生的Logistic回归分析显示，仅CCB与湿疹发生相关（P < 0.001），OR值及95%可信区间为2.49（1.26 ~ 4.54）。使用5种降压药患者间服药至起疹时间、换药后皮损消退患者比例差异有统计学意义（均P < 0.05），服用CCB患者服药至起疹的时间［（33 ± 13）个月］和换药后皮损消退患者比例（84.2%）分别较服用其他4种药物的患者更长、更高（均P < 0.05）；使用5种降压药患者间换药至皮损消退时间差异无统计学意义（P = 0.166）。结论 中老年人高血压患者使用CCB与发生湿疹存在相关性，两者间存在较长的时间延迟，具体机制尚待进一步研究。

关键词: 湿疹, 中老年人, 降压药, 前瞻性病例对照研究

Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the association between eczema and the use of antihypertensive drugs in middle-aged and elderly patients. Methods This study was a prospective case-control study. Middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension receiving antihypertensive drugs were collected from the Dermatology Departments of Qidong People′s Hospital and Changshu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital between March 1, 2023, and August 31, 2024. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the observation group consisting of outpatients diagnosed with eczema, and the control group consisting of outpatients with non-eczema skin diseases. General information was collected from both groups, including types of antihypertensive drugs, duration of drug use, time from initiation of antihypertensive therapy to rash onset, proportion of patients with rash resolution after switching antihypertensive drugs, and time to marked improvement in rashes. Comparisons between the two groups were performed using the two independent samples t-test; the chi-square test was used to compare categorical data between groups; logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate associations between antihypertensive drug use and eczema. Results The observation group included 239 patients （115 males and 124 females）, with the age being 67.5 ± 8.6 years and duration of antihypertensive drug use being 9.0 ± 3.3 years. The control group included 326 patients （160 males and 166 females）, with the age being 68.8 ± 9.3 years and duration of antihypertensive drug use being 10.7 ± 4.8 years. There were no significant differences in gender, age, or duration of antihypertensive drug use between the two groups （all P > 0.05）. In the observation group, 35 （14.6%）, 50 （20.9%）, 30 （12.6%）, 101 （42.3%）, and 23 （9.6%） patients used angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin Ⅱreceptor blockers, β-blockers, calcium channel blockers （CCBs）, and diuretics, respectively; in the control group, 58 （17.8%）, 92 （28.2%）, 55 （16.9%）, 74 （22.7%）, and 47 （14.4%） patients used the corresponding drugs respectively. Logistic regression analysis for the association between different types of antihypertensive drugs and eczema showed that only the use of CCBs was associated with the occurrence of eczema （P < 0.001）, with an odds ratio （OR） of 2.49 （95% CI: 1.26 - 4.54）. Among patients using the 5 classes of antihypertensive drugs, significant differences were observed in the time from drug initiation to rash onset and the proportion of patients with rash resolution after switching antihypertensive drugs （both P < 0.05）. Patients receiving CCBs showed longer time from drug initiation to rash onset （33 ± 13 months） and a higher proportion of patients with rash resolution after switching drugs （84.2%） than those receiving the other 4 classes of antihypertensive drugs （all P < 0.05）. However, no significant difference was observed in the time from drug switching to rash resolution among the 5 drug classes （P = 0.166）. Conclusions The use of CCBs seemed to be associated with the occurrence of eczema in middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension, with a relatively long interval between drug initiation and rash onset. The underlying mechanisms require further investigation.

Key words: Eczema, Middle-aged and elderly Patients, Antihypertensive drugs, Prospective case control study

引用本文

张翼铭 杨卫琴 蔡云鹏 倪黔键 陈健忠 张青松. 降压药物与中老年人湿疹患者相关性的病例对照研究[J]. 中华皮肤科杂志, 2026,59(4):349-352. doi:10.35541/cjd.20250199

Zhang Yiming, Yang Weiqin, Cai Yunpeng, Ni Qianjian, Chen Jianzhong, Zhang Qingsong. Association between antihypertensive drugs and eczema in middle-aged and elderly patients: a case-control study[J]. Chinese Journal of Dermatology, 2026, 59(4): 349-352.doi:10.35541/cjd.20250199