中华皮肤科杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (7): 595-602.doi: 10.35541/cjd.20240506

• 论著·毛发疾病 • 上一篇    下一篇

男性雄激素性秃发患者血清免疫球蛋白GN-糖链特征研究

沈林霞1    赵惠涓2    林尽染1    刘庆梅1    任士芳2    吴文育1，3   

  1. 1复旦大学附属华山医院皮肤科  上海市皮肤病研究所，上海  200040；2复旦大学基础医学院生物化学与分子生物学系  国家卫生健康委员会糖复合物重点实验室，上海  200032；3上海市静安区中心医院皮肤科，上海  200040
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-23 修回日期:2025-04-03 发布日期:2025-07-03
  • 通讯作者: 吴文育 E-mail:wenyu_wu@fudan.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    上海市卫生健康领军人才项目（2022LJ017）；上海申康医院发展中心项目（SHDC22022302）；上海市重中之重研究中心建设项目（2023ZZ02018）；上海毛发医学工程技术研究中心项目（19DZ2250500）

Characteristics of serum immunoglobulin G N-glycans in male patients with androgenetic alopecia

Shen Linxia1, Zhao Huijuan2, Lin Jinran¹, Liu Qingmei1, Ren Shifang2, Wu Wenyu1，3   

  1. 1Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; 2NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; 3Department of Dermatology, Jing′an District Central Hospital, Shanghai 200040, China
  • Received:2024-09-23 Revised:2025-04-03 Published:2025-07-03
  • Contact: Wu Wenyu E-mail:wenyu_wu@fudan.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Leading Talent Project of Shanghai Health Commission （2022LJ017）; Clinical Research Plan of Shanghai Hospital Development Center Foundation （SHDC22022302）; Key Specialty Research Centre of Shanghai Health Commission （2023ZZ02018）; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hair Medicine （19DZ2250500） 

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摘要： 【摘要】 目的 探究不同分型以及不同脱发严重程度分级的男性雄激素性秃发（AGA）患者的血清免疫球蛋白G（IgG）N-糖链特征。方法 对2022年6 - 12月于复旦大学附属华山医院皮肤科门诊招募的男性型脱发（MPHL）和女性型脱发（FPHL）男性患者进行横断面研究。收集患者的临床资料，采用超高效液相色谱法定量检测血清IgG N-糖链，比较不同分型男性AGA患者之间、不同脱发严重程度分级男性MPHL或FPHL患者之间血清IgG N-糖链含量及衍生性状的差异，并采用Point-biserial相关分析评估血清IgG N-糖链与脱发严重程度分级的相关性。结果 共纳入男性AGA患者85例，其中MPHL患者44例，FPHL患者41例。两组患者间年龄、起病年龄、睾酮、性激素结合蛋白、尿酸和25-羟基维生素D水平差异无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）。超高效液相色谱法检测显示，在男性AGA患者血清中IgG N-糖链共有23条单体和5种糖链衍生性状（去核心岩藻糖基化、核心岩藻糖基化、平分型、末端半乳糖化、末端唾液酸化）。与男性MPHL患者相比，男性FPHL患者血清中N-糖链单体GP5、GP11、GP17和GP20的含量较多（均P＜0.05），去核心岩藻糖基化IgG N-糖链的含量较多（P = 0.047），而核心岩藻糖基化IgG N-糖链的含量较低（P = 0.047）。不同脱发严重程度分级的男性MPHL患者间血清IgG N-糖链含量差异无统计学意义（均P > 0.05）。GP10和GP22与男性FPHL患者的脱发严重程度分别呈正相关（r = 0.32，P = 0.039）和负相关（r = -0.32，P = 0.045）；受试者操作特征曲线（ROC）显示，GP10和GP22预测脱发严重程度的ROC曲线下面积及其95% CI分别为0.69（0.52 ~ 0.86）、0.71（0.55 ~ 0.86），表现出一定的诊断价值。结论 不同分型男性AGA患者的血清IgG N-糖链有差异，N-糖链单体GP10和GP22或可作为早期判断男性FPHL患者脱发严重程度的生物标志物。

关键词: 秃发, 雄激素性秃发, 男性型脱发, 女性型脱发, 血清免疫球蛋白G, N-糖链, 严重度

Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the characteristics of serum immunoglobulin G （IgG） N-glycans in male patients with different subtypes and severity grades of androgenetic alopecia （AGA）. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on male patients diagnosed with male-pattern hair loss （MPHL） or female-pattern hair loss （FPHL） who attended the Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University between June and December 2022. Clinical data were collected, and serum IgG N-glycans were quantitatively analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography （UPLC）. The content of serum IgG N-glycan structures was compared between patients with different AGA subtypes and among patients with different severity grades of MPHL or FPHL, while derived traits were compared between patients with different AGA subtypes. Point-biserial correlation analysis was conducted to assess associations between serum IgG N-glycans and hair loss severity. Results A total of 85 male patients with AGA were included, comprising 44 MPHL patients and 41 FPHL patients. No significant differences were observed between the two subgroups in terms of age, age at onset, or serum levels of testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, uric acid, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D （all P > 0.05）. UPLC showed 23 serum IgG glycans and 5 derived glycan traits （afucosylation, fucosylation, bisecting GlcNAc, terminal galactosylation, and terminal sialylation）. Compared with the MPHL patients, the FPHL patients exhibited significantly increased levels of N-glycans GP5, GP11, GP17, and GP20 （all P < 0.05）, significantly elevated levels of afucosylated IgG N-glycans （P = 0.047）, but significantly reduced core fucosylated IgG N-glycans （P = 0.047）. No significant differences in serum IgG N-glycan composition were observed among patients with varying severity grades of MPHL （all P > 0.05）. In the FPHL patients, the levels of N-glycans GP10 （r = 0.32, P = 0.039） and GP22 （r = -0.32, P = 0.045） were significantly positively and negatively correlated with hair loss severity respectively; receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that both GP10 and GP22 had moderate diagnostic value for predicting hair loss severity, with the area under the curve values being 0.69 （95% CI: 0.52 - 0.86） and 0.71 （95% CI: 0.55 - 0.86）, respectively. Conclusion Serum IgG N-glycan profiles differed among male patients with different AGA subtypes, and N-glycans GP10 and GP22 may serve as potential biomarkers for early assessment of hair loss severity in male FPHL patients.

Key words: Alopecia, Androgenetic alopecia, Male-pattern hair loss, Female-pattern hair loss, Serum immunoglobulin G, N-glycan, Severity

引用本文

沈林霞 赵惠涓 林尽染 刘庆梅 任士芳 吴文育. 男性雄激素性秃发患者血清免疫球蛋白GN-糖链特征研究[J]. 中华皮肤科杂志, 2025,58(7):595-602. doi:10.35541/cjd.20240506

Shen Linxia¹, Zhao Huijuan, Lin Jinran¹, Liu Qingmei, Ren Shifang, Wu Wenyu¹, . Characteristics of serum immunoglobulin G N-glycans in male patients with androgenetic alopecia[J]. Chinese Journal of Dermatology, 2025, 58(7): 595-602.doi:10.35541/cjd.20240506