Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib phosphate 1.5% cream in the treatment of 5 cases of nonsegmental vitiligo. Methods A case series study was conducted. Five patients with nonsegmental vitiligo were collected from the Boao Super Hospital between August 2023 and April 2024. All the patients were treated with topical ruxolitinib phosphate 1.5% cream alone twice daily. Efficacy was assessed at weeks 12 and 24 using the Facial Vitiligo Area Scoring Index （F-VASI） and the Total Vitiligo Area Scoring Index （T-VASI）. During the treatment, adverse reactions were monitored. Results The 5 patients were aged 28 - 43 years, with the disease duration ranging from 4 to 30 years. Lesions involved both facial and non-facial areas, with the affected body surface area ranging from 2.6% to 6.9%. After 12 weeks of treatment, 3 patients achieved 75% improvement in facial lesions （F-VASI 75）, and 2 achieved T-VASI 50. After 24 weeks of treatment, all patients achieved F-VASI 50, including 3 achieving F-VASI 90 and 2 achieving T-VASI 50. During the treatment, adverse reactions included application-site acne （1 case）, application-site exfoliation （2 cases）, and application-site pruritus （2 cases）; none of these adverse reactions affected the treatment. Conclusion Ruxolitinib phosphate 1.5% cream may serve as a treatment option for nonsegmental vitiligo.

Key words: Vitiligo, Therapy, Ruxolitinib cream, Efficacy, Safety