中华皮肤科杂志 ›› 2026, e20250694.doi: 10.35541/cjd.20250694

• 研究报道 • 上一篇    

血管球瘤173例临床与组织病理分析

潘翠翠    成文静    刘宇    王雷    赵建红    张金娥   

  1. 空军军医大学西京医院皮肤科， 西安  710032
    潘翠翠为空军军医大学西京医院皮肤科进修医师，工作单位为山西省中医院皮肤科，太原  030001

  • 收稿日期:2025-12-12 修回日期:2026-04-28 发布日期:2026-08-11
  • 通讯作者: 张金娥 E-mail:450643515@qq.com

Clinical and histopathological analysis of 173 cases of glomus tumors

Pan Cuicui, Cheng Wenjing, Liu Yu, Wang Lei, Zhao Jianhong, Zhang Jin′e   

  1. Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi′an 710032, China
    Pan Cuicui underwent the refresher training in the Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, and is now working at the Department of Dermatology, Shanxi Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, China
  • Received:2025-12-12 Revised:2026-04-28 Published:2026-08-11
  • Contact: Zhang Jin'e E-mail:450643515@qq.com

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摘要： 【摘要】 目的 探讨血管球瘤的临床特点及组织病理特征。方法 回顾性总结分析2002年1月至2019年8月空军军医大学西京医院皮肤科经病理确诊的173例血管球瘤患者的临床及组织病理资料等。结果 173例患者中，女125例（72.3%），男48例（27.7%）；就诊年龄中位数为39岁（范围：10 ~ 67岁）。病程 ≤ 5年者107例（61.8%）， > 5年者66例（38.2%）。 173例患者均为皮损直径＜1 cm的单发病灶，其中位于指（趾）甲132例（76.3%），皮肤41例（23.7%）；颜色为青紫色或紫红色122例（70.5%），粉红色或淡红色33例（19.1%），肤色10例（5.8%），黑（灰）褐色8例（4.6%）。168例（97.1%）伴有疼痛。病灶位于指（趾）甲的132例患者中，55例（41.7%）伴有甲损害。组织病理表现为经典型血管球瘤148例（85.5%），球血管瘤21例（12.1%），球血管肌瘤4例（2.3%）。临床初诊时误诊29例（16.8%）。2025年8月电话随访，随访到106例，其中复发9例（8.5%）。结论 血管球瘤多见于40岁左右的女性，好发于指（趾）甲，颜色多为紫红或青紫色，常单发，伴有针刺样按压疼痛；组织病理表现为经典型、球血管瘤型和球血管肌瘤型；诊断需密切结合临床及组织病理检查。

关键词: 血管球瘤, 体征和症状, 组织病理, 外科手术, 诊断

Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and histopathological characteristics of glomus tumors. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical and histopathological data collected from 173 patients with pathologically confirmed glomus tumors at the Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University from January 2002 to August 2019. Results Among the 173 patients, 125 were females （72.3%） and 48 were males （27.7%）. The median age at the clinic visit was 39 years （range: 10 - 67 years）. There were 107 cases （61.8%） with a disease duration of ≤ 5 years, and 66 cases （38.2%） with a disease duration of > 5 years. All 173 patients presented with solitary lesions measuring < 1 cm in diameter, which were located in the subungual regions （132 cases, 76.3%） or cutaneous sites （41 cases, 23.7%）. The lesions were bluish?purple or purplish?red in 122 cases （70.5%）, pink or light red in 33 cases（19.1%）, skin?colored in 10 cases（5.8%）, and black or grayish?brown in 8 cases（4.6%）. Pain was reported by 168 patients （97.1%）. Among the 132 patients with subungual lesions, 55 （41.7%） exhibited nail changes. Histopathologically, the lesions were classified as classic glomus tumors （148 cases, 85.5%）, glomangiomas （21 cases, 12.1%）, and glomangiomyomas （4 cases, 2.3%）. Misdiagnosis occurred in 29 cases （16.8%） at the initial clinic visit. Among the 106 patients successfully followed up by telephone in August 2025, 9 （8.5%） experienced recurrence. Conclusions Glomus tumors predominantly affect females around 40 years of age and typically present as solitary, subungual, purplish?red or bluish?purple nodules characterized by sharp, stabbing pain upon pressure. Histopathologically, glomus tumors are categorized into classic glomus tumors, glomangiomas, and glomangiomyomas. Accurate diagnosis relies on clinical manifestations and histopathological findings.

Key words: Glomus tumor, Signs and symptoms, Histopathology, Surgical procedures, operative, Diagnosis

引用本文

潘翠翠 成文静 刘宇 王雷 赵建红 张金娥. 血管球瘤173例临床与组织病理分析[J]. 中华皮肤科杂志, 2026,e20250694. doi:10.35541/cjd.20250694

Pan Cuicui, Cheng Wenjing, Liu Yu, Wang Lei, Zhao Jianhong, Zhang Jin′e. Clinical and histopathological analysis of 173 cases of glomus tumors[J]. Chinese Journal of Dermatology,2026,e20250694. doi:10.35541/cjd.20250694