关键词: 面部皮肤病, 色素沉着异常, 痣, 婴儿, 皮下非对称减张缝合, 埋没成角褥式缝合, 精细手术

Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of subcutaneous asymmetric tension reduction combined with dermal buried angular mattress suture in surgical treatment of benign pigmented facial lesions in infants and young children. Methods Totally, 100 infants and children with pigmented facial lesions were enrolled from the Department of Dermatology, Hanzhong Central Hospital and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University from January 2018 to January 2019, and their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. Among these patients, there were 59 males and 41 females, and their age ranged from 3 months to 5 years, with an average age of 15 months. All patients underwent outpatient surgery under local anesthesia, and sedative drugs were used before operation. The skin lesions were excised once or in stages according to their area, and incisions were closed by using a subcutaneous asymmetric suture tension reduction technique, followed by dermal buried angular mattress sutures. After surgery, medical silicone gels and wound closure devices were used for 6 months to 1 year, and postoperative follow-up was performed. Results All patients were followed up for more than 1 year after surgery. Four patients showed suture rejection reaction within two months after surgery, and the incisions completely healed after the suture knots were discharged; cat ear scars were formed at the upper and lower ends of the incisions in 3 cases when the sutures were removed 1 week after surgery, no treatment was given, and the cat ear scars gradually became flat after 1 year of follow-up; fat liquefaction occurred in 1 case 4 days after surgery, re-suturing of the incision was done 1 week after the removal of internal sutures and drainage, and the incision healed well; 1 case developed infection 3 days after surgery, and then received the removal of internal sutures, drainage, and anti-infection treatment, re-suturing was performed after complete regression of the incision swelling, and the incisions healed well; scar hyperplasia occurred in 4 cases 3 to 6 months after surgery, and the scars became flat after the local injection of triamcinolone acetonide. In the remaining children, fine white linear scars were formed after the healing of incisions, the depressions and ridges at both ends of the incisions became flat, and there was no obvious pulling sensation of facial organs or the formation of cat ear scars. Conclusions Subcutaneous asymmetric tension reduction combined with dermal buried angular mattress suture can effectively reduce tension twice during delicate facial surgery in infants and young children, and avoid incision widening and scar hyperplasia. The long-term follow-up showed favorable long-term efficacy and aesthetic effect.

Key words: Facial dermatoses, Pigmentation disorders, Surgical procedures, operative, Nevus, Infant, Subcutaneous asymmetric tension reduction, Buried angular mattress suture