Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a skin care ointment containing oligomeric maltose X in the adjuvant treatment of eczema-related pruritus. Methods A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled clinical study was conducted. From March to September 2021, outpatients with mild to moderate eczema were collected from departments of dermatology of 4 hospitals, including Beijing Friendship Hospital, Hebei Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, the Third People′s Hospital of Hubei Province, and Taizhou Central Hospital in Zhejiang Province. The patients were randomly divided into two groups by using a random number table: observation group topically treated with a skin care ointment containing oligomeric maltose X, and vehicle control group topically treated with an ointment vehicle. The ointments were applied during the attacks of itching for 14 consecutive days. Visits were scheduled before, 7, and 14 days after the start of the adjuvant treatment. The efficacy was evaluated according to the eczema area and severity index （EASI） and visual analog scale （VAS）, and adverse events were recorded. The efficacy and safety analyses were conducted by using chi-square test and t test. Results Totally, 232 patients with eczema were enrolled, including 90 males and 142 females, with the age being 40.13 ± 13.36 years; 156 patients were in the observation group, and 76 in the vehicle control group. Before the adjuvant treatment, there were no significant differences in EASI （2.07 ± 2.24 points vs. 2.29 ± 2.28 points） or VAS （6.22 ± 1.78 points vs. 6.20 ± 1.79 points） scores between the observation group and vehicle control group （t = -0.70, 0.06, P = 0.486, 0.955, respectively）. After one-day treatment, the VAS scores significantly decreased compared with the baseline scores in the two groups（P < 0.001, P = 0.003, respectively）. After 14-day treatment, the VAS score was significantly lower in the observation group （2.67 points） than in the vehicle control group （3.35 points; t = -2.28, P = 0.024）. After 7- and 14-day treatment, the EASI scores significantly decreased compared with the baseline scores in both the two groups （all P < 0.001）, but there were no significant differences between the two groups （P = 0.853, 0.731）. No adjuvant treatment-related adverse events were recorded in either of the two groups. Conclusion The skin care ointment containing oligomeric maltose X is safe and effective in the adjuvant treatment of eczema-related pruritus, and can be applied to clinical practice.

Key words: Eczema, Pruritus, Maltose, Glycerol, Oligomeric maltose X, Randomized controlled trial