Abstract: Wang Yan, Wang Huijun, Lin Zhimiao, Hu Linghan, Pan Yuxue, Liu Xiaoyan, Yang Yong Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China （Wang Y［current affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China］, Wang HJ, Lin ZM, Hu LH, Pan YX, Yang Y）; Department of Dermatology, Children′s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China （Liu XY） Corresponding author: Yang Yong, Email: dryongyang@bjmu.edu.cn 【Abstract】 Objective To report a case of X-linked ichthyosis complicated by Mal de Meleda, and to identify the gene mutations. Methods Clinical data were collected from the patient, and peripheral blood samples were obtained from the patient, his parents and 100 unrelated healthy people who served as controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from these blood samples, and PCR was performed to amplify all the exons and their flanking sequences of the SLURP-1 and STS genes. All the amplification products were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis, and amplification products of the SLURP-1 gene were analyzed by DNA sequencing. Results The patient presented with regularly-arranged polygonal brown or black scales all over the trunk and limbs, erythematous hyperkeratotic lesions on the palms and soles, elbows and knees, inguinal and perianal regions, which extended to the dorsa of the hands and feet. Then, the patient was diagnosed with X-linked ichthyosis complicated by Mal de Meleda. Genetic testing showed complete deletion of the STS gene, and a homozygous mutation （c.286C > T） at position 286 in exon 3 of the SLURP-1 gene, which led to the formation of a premature termination codon at amino acid position 96 （p.R96*）. His parents were heterozygous carriers of the mutation（c.286C > T）. No mutation was found in the unrelated healthy controls. Conclusion The complete deletion of the STS gene and the homozygous nonsense mutation in the SLURP-1 gene may be the reason for X-linked ichthyosis complicated by Mal de Meleda in the patient.