Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To construct a scientific evaluation indicator system for therapeutic efficacy in neurosyphilis using the Delphi method. Methods A literature review and data extraction were performed to develop a preliminary draft of the evaluation indicator system for therapeutic efficacy in neurosyphilis. In 3 rounds of Delphi expert consultations, 21 experts revised the proposed indicator items and rated their importance. The expert authority coefficient and the degree of consensus were calculated in each round, and the indicators were revised accordingly. Based on the importance scores from the final 2 rounds, the coefficient of variation and the weights for each indicator were determined. Results The response rates across all 3 rounds of consultations exceeded 85%, with expert authority coefficients consistently above 0.89. Kendall′s coefficient of concordance was 0.433 in the second round and 0.519 in the third round （both P < 0.05）, indicating a relatively high degree of consensus. Following 3 rounds of consultations, an evaluation indicator system for therapeutic efficacy in neurosyphilis was ultimately established, including 3 first-level indicators and 13 second-level indicators. The first-level indicators were clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, and auxiliary examinations. The second-level indicators consisted of 3 primary indicators and 10 secondary indicators; the 3 primary indicators were “symptom improvement or recovery in patients with meningeal, meningovascular, ocular, or otic syphilis” （weight: 0.2247）, “normalization of the cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count” （weight: 0.1789）, and “a decrease of at least 2 dilutions in the cerebrospinal fluid non-treponemal antibody titer” （weight: 0.1401）. Conclusion The evaluation indicator system for therapeutic efficacy in neurosyphilis, which was applicable to the Chinese population, was successfully constructed based on the Delphi method, providing a basis for systematic and scientific efficacy assessment in clinical practice.

Key words: Neurosyphilis, Treatment outcome, Efficacy evaluation, Indicator system, Delphi method