Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical and pathogenic features of nosocomial fungal infections. Methods A prospective study was performed. Fungal culture was carried out with various samples, such as urine, sputum, blood, discharge, etc, from inpatients during 2006. For patients with positive culture, questionnaires were designed to collect data on their age, disease profile, sample resources, fungal species distribution. Results A total of 918 strains of fungus were isolated from 3 698 inpatients. The incidence of nosocomial fungal infections was 5.07%. The patients with fungal infection aged from 7 to 96 years, and most of them were older than 60 years with various underlying diseases. Lower respiratory tract was the most frequent infection site. Candida spp. acounted for 93.68% among all pathogens, and Candida albicans for 65.69%. Two or more antibiotics were administed in all the patients. The occurrence of nosocomial fungal infections was closely related to the application of multiple broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy, advanced age （≥60 years）, malignancy, and indwelling urethral catheter. Conclusions Candida albicans is the primary pathogen of nosocomial fungal infections. Rational use of antimicrobial agents, judicial decrease of invasive treatment, and enhancement of immunity may be the most important measure for the prevention of nosocomial invasive fungal infections, and improvement of prognosis.