Abstract: Objective To detect Mycoplasma Genitalium (Mg) infection in high risk populations of STDs from six cities in China and try to clarify the possible role of Mg in the pathogenesis of non-gonococcal urethritis.Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique based on 2 pairs of primer for Mg-Pa(adhesion protein) and 16S-rRNA (Mycoplasma genera) was used to detect Mg infection. Urogenital specimens of different high risk populations or urethritis patients of STDs were collected from Guangdong, Kunming, Shanghai, Nanjing, and Changzhou areas. Results The positive detection rate of Mg-DNA in high risk populations of STDs was significantly higher than that of normal group(χ²=7.822, P<0.01). The positive detection rates in STD clinics from Guangdong and promiscuous persons from Kunming were higher than those detected from Shanghai, Nanjing and Changzhou areas(χ²=8.536, P<0.01 and χ²=5.885,P<0.05) Mg-DNA could be detected in those patients without other relevant pathogens. Some patients simultaneously infected both Mg and other microbes, such as Chlamydia trachomatis and/or Ureaplasma urealyticum. The positive Mg-DNA detection rate in patients with urethritis symptoms was higher than that without the symptoms (χ²=11.667, P<0.01).Conclusion Mg infection exists in high risk populations of STDs in China, and Mg infection rate is different among different high risk groups.

Key words: Mycoplasma Genitalium, Infection, Epidemiology