Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in China from 2016 to 2020, and to provide a scientific basis for further elimination of leprosy. Methods Data collation and statistical analysis were conducted on annual reports on leprosy epidemic surveillance in China （excluding Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan regions） from 2016 to 2020. Results From 2016 to 2020, a total of 2 697 new cases of leprosy were reported in China, including 46 （1.71%） children, 894 （33.15%） females, 374 （13.87%） floating people, 2 443 （90.58%） multibacillary cases, and 546 （20.24%） cases of grade 2 disabilities. A total of 203 relapsed cases were reported in the meantime. By the end of 2020, there had been 1 893 registered leprosy cases in China, and the number of cases was 68.62% fewer than that in 2010 （6 032 cases）; there were 36 （1.2%） counties or cities with a prevalence rate above 1 per 100 000, and 72 （17.73%） new cases suffered from grade 2 disabilities. Conclusion From 2016 to 2020, the reported incidence and prevalence of leprosy in China steadily decreased year by year, and overall, leprosy was still lowly prevalent.

Key words: Leprosy, Epidemiology, Child, Leprosy, multibacillary, Floating population, Grade 2 disabilities