中华皮肤科杂志 ›› 2025, e20250102.doi: 10.35541/cjd.20250102

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早期诊断肢端黑色素瘤及早期识别其转移性病变的临床研究进展

邱泽群    曹蒙    王焱   

  1. 北京协和医学院  中国医学科学院  皮肤病医院  皮肤病研究所皮肤外科，南京  210042
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-03 修回日期:2025-12-01 发布日期:2025-12-12
  • 通讯作者: 王焱 E-mail:wangy@pumcderm.cams.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划（2022YFC2504700，2022YFC2504701，2022YFC2504705）；国家自然科学基金（81872216）；中国医学科学院临床与转化医学研究专项（2024-I2M-C＆T-B-089）

Clinical advances in the early diagnosis of acral melanoma and early detection of its metastatic lesions

Qiu Zequn, Cao Meng, Wang Yan   

  1. Hospital for Skin Diseases, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
  • Received:2025-03-03 Revised:2025-12-01 Published:2025-12-12
  • Contact: Wang Yan E-mail:wangy@pumcderm.cams.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program （2022YFC2504700，2022YFC2504701, 2022YFC2504705）; National Natural Science Foundation of China （81872216）; CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences （2024-I2M-C&T-B-089）

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摘要： 【摘要】 早期诊断肢端黑色素瘤及早期识别其转移性病变，同时制订相应治疗措施，可显著改善患者的预后，延长生存期。本文总结肢端黑色素瘤的临床表现、病理学特征，特别强调前哨淋巴结活检在评估肢端黑色素瘤早期转移中的关键作用，综述近年来人工智能、皮肤反射或共聚焦显微镜、液体活检、新型核素探针与多组学特征等在肢端黑色素瘤早期诊断与其转移病灶早期监测的研究进展。

关键词: 黑色素瘤, 诊断, 肿瘤转移, 前哨淋巴结活组织检查, 分子探针, 液体活检

Abstract: 【Abstract】 Early diagnosis of acral melanoma and timely detection of its metastatic lesions, together with the implementation of appropriate therapeutic strategies, can significantly improve patient outcomes and prolong survival. This review summarizes the clinical and pathological characteristics of acral melanoma and highlights the pivotal role of sentinel lymph node biopsy in assessing early metastasis. In addition, it outlines recent advances in early diagnostic techniques and early detection of metastatic lesions, including artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic systems, dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy, liquid biopsy, novel radionuclide probes, and multi-omics profiling.

Key words: Melanoma, Diagnosis, Neoplasm metastasis, Sentinel lymph node biopsy, Molecular probes, Liquid biopsy

引用本文

邱泽群 曹蒙 王焱. 早期诊断肢端黑色素瘤及早期识别其转移性病变的临床研究进展 [J]. 中华皮肤科杂志, 2025,e20250102. doi:10.35541/cjd.20250102

Qiu Zequn, Cao Meng, Wang Yan. Clinical advances in the early diagnosis of acral melanoma and early detection of its metastatic lesions[J]. Chinese Journal of Dermatology,2025,e20250102. doi:10.35541/cjd.20250102