JAK抑制剂治疗斑秃的研究进展

doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4030.2019.05.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【摘要】斑秃是一种突然发生的局限性脱发，严重者可进展为全秃或普秃。目前认为斑秃是一种具有遗传背景的器官特异性自身免疫性疾病，毛囊免疫赦免结构的破坏是重要的发病机制。目前，斑秃的治疗方法有口服、外用、肌内或局部皮损内注射糖皮质激素、外用米诺地尔酊等，但仍有一部分患者治疗无效。近年来，国外开展了很多有关JAK抑制剂治疗斑秃的临床试验。研究显示，在采用口服JAK抑制剂治疗的患者中，约半数中重度斑秃患者在治疗后毛发几乎完全长出，疗效较明显。也有报道外用鲁索替尼治疗斑秃，但疗效不一。尽管部分患者在停药后复发或是在治疗过程中出现感染等不良反应，JAK抑制剂确实为有效治疗中重度斑秃提供了一种选择。

关键词: 斑秃, Janus激酶类, JAK抑制剂, 治疗

Abstract: 【Abstract】 Alopecia areata （AA） is a kind of localized scalp hair loss of sudden onset, and patients with severe AA can progress to alopecia totalis （AT） and alopecia universalis （AU）. At present, AA is considered as a kind of organ?specific autoimmune disease with a genetic background, and destruction of immune privileged structures of hair follicles is an important pathogenesis of AA. Currently, therapeutic methods for AA include oral or topical glucocorticoids, intramuscular or intralesional injection of glucocorticoids, topical minoxidil tincture, etc., but some patients still show no response to the treatments. In recent years, various clinical trials have been conducted in abroad using JAK inhibitors for the treatment of AA. Researches have revealed that about half of patients with moderate to severe AA showed almost complete recovery after the treatment with oral JAK inhibitors. Topical ruxolitinib was also reported for the treatment of AA, but patients showed different response. Although some patients suffered from recurrence after drug withdrawal or infections and other adverse reactions during the treatment, JAK inhibitors can be an effective treatment option for moderate to severe AA.

Key words: Alopecia areata, Janus kinases, Janus kinase inhibitors, Treatment

余丽娟吕中法. JAK抑制剂治疗斑秃的研究进展[J]. 中华皮肤科杂志, 2019, 52(5): 343-346.

Yu Lijuan, Lyu Zhongfa. JAK inhibitors for the treatment of alopecia areata[J]. Chinese Journal of Dermatology, 2019, 52(5): 343-346.

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