关键词: 川崎病;临床分析

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the clinical features of Kawasaki disease. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 272 children diagnosed as Kawasaki disease from 2002 to 2006. Clinical data, laboratory findings and auxiliary examination results were collected for these patients. Results The male-to-female ratio was 2.58 ∶ 1. Onset ages between 1 to 3 years accounted for 59.2% of patients. Of these patients, 100% had a fever for more than 5 days, 76.1% transient polymorphous exanthema, 74.6% bilateral conjunctival hyperemia, 47.8% flare and fissure on the oral lip, 58.5% strawberry tongue, 22.8% firm swelling of hands and feet as well as flushing of palms and soles, 31.2% subacute desquamation at the junctional site between nail bed and skin, 36% cervical lymphadenopathy. Laboratory findings showed a significant increase in the count of peripheral blood leukocytes and peripheral blood platelets as well as erythrocyte sedimentation rate in 80.5%, 87.5% and 96.2% of patients, respectively. Additionally, 81.6% of these patients were positive for C reactive protein and the frequency of coronary artery involvement was 54.3%. All patients were treated with aspirin, and high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin was given to 258 patients. Fever relieved and the condition was controlled in all patients with an average hospitalization period of 8.9 days. Conclusions Kawasaki disease should be suspected in patients with exanthematous lesions, fever lasting for more than 5 days and poor response to antibiotic therapy. Peripheral blood platelet count and cardiac ultrasound are of great value in the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease. Aspirin is the first choice in treating Kawasaki disease, and adjunctive high-dose intravennous immunoglobulin treatment may facilitate the quick control of fever.