Abstract: [Abstract] Objective To explore the expressions of Toll-like receptor2 (TLR2) and the role in the pathogenesis of early syphilitic patients. Methods The expression of toll-like receptor 2 in peripheral blood monocytes was detected by flowcytometry with two-colour immunofluorescent staining in 59 early syphilitic patients and 20 healthy controls. Results The expression of toll-like receptor 2 in peripheral blood monocytes of early syphilitic patients was singnificantly lower than those in the controls（p＜0.001), and TLR2 expressed on monocytes from symptomatic syphilis patients was markedly lower than latent syphilis（p＜0.001). Conclusions The expression rate of TLR2 in peripheral blood with symptomatic syphilis is significantly lower, and the expression rate of TLR2 with latent syphilis is no difference and that of normal controls. The study suggests that there was absence innate immune response with symptomatic syphilis and TLR2 may reflect immunologic states.