Abstract: Xia Dengmei, Yan Wei, Xu Fei, Wang Lian, Li Wei Department of Dermatology and Venereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China （The current affiliation of the first author was Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China） Corresponding author: Li Wei, Email: liwei@mcwcums.com 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the association between HLA-DRB1 alleles and pemphigus vulgaris （PV） in a Han population in Sichuan. Methods Polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primer （PCR-SSP） method was used for low-resolution and high-resolution typing of HLA-DRB1 alleles in 19 patients of Han nationality with PV and 25 healthy controls in Sichuan. Allele frequencies were calculated, and differences in the allele frequency between the above two groups were compared by using chi-square test. Results Totally, 9 kinds of DRB1 low-resolution alleles and 19 kinds of DRB1 high-resolution alleles were identified in the PV patients and healthy controls. Frequencies of the DRB1*14 allele （39.47%［15/38］ vs. 8.00%［4/50］, χ2 = 17.43, P < 0.05） and DRB1*1405 allele （15.79%［6/38］ vs. 2.00%［1/50］, χ2 = 4.25, P < 0.05） were significantly higher in the PV patients than in the healthy controls. Conclusion The HLA-DRB1*14 allele may be a common susceptibility gene for PV in the Han population in Sichuan, and the HLA-DRB1*1405 allele may be most closely associated with PV.