中华皮肤科杂志 ›› 1987, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (4): 207-209.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

602例慢性荨麻疹的皮试及免疫治疗的观察

赖乃揆, 陈小右, 林正东   

  1. 广州医学院二附院变态反应科
  • 收稿日期:1986-06-20 修回日期:1986-08-23 出版日期:1987-08-15 发布日期:1987-08-15

Skin test and immunotherapy in chronic urticaria

Lai Naikui   

  • Received:1986-06-20 Revised:1986-08-23 Online:1987-08-15 Published:1987-08-15

摘要: 本文分析了602例慢性荨麻疹病人,其中男性211例,女性391例,男女之比为1:1.85,1030岁起病的占57.6%.37.9%病人有家族过敏史,48.2病人起病有自觉诱因,其中31%与食物过敏有关,最多的是虾、蟹等,19.3%与物理因素有关,如寒冷、吹风等,14.8%与药物有关,如APC类等.14.6%病人伴有过敏性鼻炎或支气管哮喘.用吸入性及昆虫等作抗原皮试以粉尘埔、屋尘、蜂螂阳性率较高.食物抗原皮试以虾蟹、尤、墨鱼阳性率较高.本文采用吸入物等抗原加磷酸组织胺作免疫治疗(即脱敏治疗),显效为20.8%,有效为65.7%,总有效率为86.7,提示本法是治疗慢性荨麻疹的有效方法之一.

Abstract: Six hundred and two patients with urticaria (male 211, female 391) were studied. The patients with an age of onset from 10 to 30 years accounted for 57.6%. The percentage of patients with family allergy history was 37.9%. 48.2% of patients were believed to have definite precipitating factors, of which 31% referred to food allergy, mainly to shrimp and crab. 19.3% referred to physical factor such as cold, wind etc. 14.8% referred to,drug allergy, such as A.P.C. etc. 14.6% patients with urticaria complicated with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma. Among the inhaled antigens used for skin test, Dermatophagoides farinae (a house dust mite) was positive in 76%;house dust 71.4%;cockroach 52.9%. Among the food antigens shrimp and crab also had a higher positive rate (70.9% and 60.9%). Immunotherapy consisted of inhaled antigen extract plus histamine phosphate were used. Significant improvement was found in 20.8% of patients treated, and the total rate of effectiveness was 86.7%.